Arabian milk - Al-Yusr - Moringa peregrine

The Arabian Moringa (Moringa peregrina) is a perennial tree belonging to the Moringaceae family. It is native to Saudi Arabia, growing naturally in mountainous areas, valleys, and dry, rocky regions, particularly in the west and southwest of the Kingdom. It is characterized by its high tolerance to drought and heat, its light-colored flowers, its long fruits, and its oily seeds.



General Description



It grows as a small to medium-sized tree, typically reaching a height of 5–10 meters, and may be taller under suitable conditions. It has a branching trunk and a relatively sparse crown, and can grow in rocky crevices, slopes, and dry valleys.



Papers



Its leaves are pinnately compound, consisting of small, rounded to oval leaflets. The leaves emerge during suitable growth periods and may fall off during the dry season to minimize water loss. The tree is notable for its ability to regenerate its leaves once conditions improve and moisture becomes available.



flowers



It produces small, fragrant flowers that are white to cream in color, and may have pink or purple markings or lines. The flowers are clustered in branching inflorescences, appear during suitable flowering seasons, and provide a source of nectar and pollen for insects.



Fruits and seeds



It produces relatively long, thin pods containing several large, distinctively shaped seeds. These seeds contain vegetable oil and are the plant's primary means of reproduction; they can be used to propagate the tree under suitable conditions.



Endurance and suitability



The Arabian Moringa tree is highly tolerant of drought, heat, and water scarcity, and can grow in rocky, poor soils and steep slopes. Its roots help it access moisture deep within the soil, making it well-suited to arid desert and mountainous environments.



Uses



Frankincense is of great environmental importance and is used in projects to conserve native plants and rehabilitate vegetation in arid and mountainous regions. Its seeds are rich in vegetable oil, and the tree itself is valued for its shape and flowers, in addition to its importance in supporting local biodiversity.



natural spread



Moringa peregrina is naturally found in parts of the Arabian Peninsula and Northeast Africa, and in Saudi Arabia, it is particularly prevalent in the western and southwestern regions, as well as in mountainous areas and valleys. It thrives in rocky, arid environments with good drainage.



Preservation status



Moringa peregrina is a plant adapted to arid environments, but its natural populations may be affected by habitat loss and pressure from grazing, logging, and land-use change. Therefore, the conservation of wild trees and their natural habitats is crucial for the continuation of its populations in the Kingdom.