The effort in verifying the underlying reason in justifying contemporary fatwas

Authorship / Sumaira Al-Ghaliah The fundamentalists are concerned with ijtihad, and they clarified its foundations, conditions, and types, through the approaches they formulated, the rules they established, and disseminated in the discussions of the science of Usul al-Fiqh, considering it a manifestation of God's rulings, especially in cases where there is no explicit text. And the perspective of ijtihad is not limited to the circle of deriving the legal ruling and extracting it from its detailed evidence, but it extends to include another circle represented in ijtihad in applying the ruling to its facts, individuals, and details, which are suitable to be the subject of applying the ruling to them. However, the latter has not received the same attention from the fundamentalists. The books of the fundamentalists focused on the method of understanding, not application, and there is no doubt about the importance of understanding and deduction, but they do not replace the primary process, which is applying and implementing the rulings to the reality of the accountable persons. From the practice of application, what the fundamentalists called "Tahqiq al-Manat" (verification of the reason). Al-Shatibi dedicated a large part of his book "Al-Muwafaqat" to this term, highlighting its importance in the process of ijtihad, after it was previously confined to the discussion of qiyas among the fundamentalists. The need for this applied ijtihad increases as people's needs develop and become more complex, and as the incidents and events requiring ijtihad based on disciplined principles grow, directed by Shariah in a way that achieves its objectives, prevents those involved from errors in application, and protects them from excessive or insufficient implementation.