The introduction to the study of legal systems and rights by Professor Dr. Mohammed Jaber Al-Alfi

About the book: Legal culture occupies a prominent place in civilized societies, and its study is no longer limited to law faculties, but has extended to other colleges and institutes, such as Sharia colleges, management colleges, police colleges, and security sciences, and the study of law is also included in medicine, engineering, social sciences, and others. The study of legal systems begins with introductory ideas and general information, including the definition of these systems, their types, sources, how they are enacted, amended, and abolished, as well as their interpretation and application principles... and so on. These introductory ideas are called by several names, the most famous of which are: the introduction to the study of law, or the introduction to legal sciences, or the introduction to legal theory. They are also called: the general theory of law, principles of legal sciences, or fundamentals of law. Some also refer to it as: the basics of positive law or the basics of Saudi systems. We have chosen from among these terms: the introduction to the study of legal systems and the right. The methodology of study: this study is organized into two sections, the first dedicated to the theory of the system (law), and the second to the theory of the right. The first section includes five chapters, each relying on Islamic jurisprudence in its various schools, and on legal thought in various disciplines, with an explanation of the regulations in force in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and taking into account the components of the curriculum of the introduction to the study of legal systems adopted by academic bodies in universities and institutes in the Kingdom. These five chapters are arranged as follows: First chapter – the idea of law. First section – definition of the legal system and its importance. Second section – the legal rule and its characteristics. Third section – distinction between the legal rule and other rules of conduct. Second chapter – formulation of the legal rule and its divisions: First section – formulation of the legal rule. Second section – mandatory rules and supplementary rules. Third section – groups of legal rules. Third chapter – sources of law: First section – legislation. Second section – custom. Third section – judicial opinion. Fourth chapter – application of law: First section – application of the legal system regarding persons. Second section – application of law regarding time. Third section – application of law regarding place. Fifth chapter – interpretation of law: First section – types of interpretation. Second section – schools of interpretation. Third section – means of interpretation. The second section includes the theory of the right, and its study is divided into an introduction and five chapters, as follows: Introduction: definition of the right and an explanation of its types and sources. First chapter – persons of the right. Second chapter – the subject of the right. Third chapter – exercise of the right. Fourth chapter – protection and proof of the right. Fifth chapter – expiration of the right.