The similarities and counterparts in grammar

The Similarities and Parallels in Jurisprudence Number of colors: 1 Type of cover: Artistic binding Number of pages: 1424 Type of paper: White Publisher: Modern Publishing – Cairo – Egypt Number of units/parts: 2 Verification: Al-Sharbini Shureida Author: Abdul Rahman bin Abi Bakr (Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti) The Similarities and Parallels in rules and branches of Shafi’i jurisprudence | Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti Confirmed on the manuscript The Similarities and Parallels is a large book in jurisprudence on the Shafi’i school, considered one of the most famous books of jurisprudence among scholars and jurisprudence schools. It was authored by the Hafiz Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (849-911). The book combines jurisprudential principles with branches and various issues, generally leaving what is not covered by other books. The book may contain seven arts. The intended meaning of "similarities" is jurisprudential branches that resemble each other in ruling, while "parallels" are those with the least resemblance but have descriptions that prevent them, including what makes them similar in ruling. Content of the book Al-Suyuti divided his book into several sections: First: Explaining the five rules to which all jurisprudential issues return: differing rules. Second: A comprehensive section that covers an unlimited number of diverse images: 40 rules. Third: Rules of disputed matters, where preference is not issued due to differences in branches: 20 rules. Fourth: In the burden that often plays a role and the scholar's ignorance of it. Fifth: Parallels of chapters. Sixth: Similar chapters and what they differ in. Al-Suyuti’s approach in the book Al-Suyuti used a distinctive methodology in this book, aligning with the subject matter. The most important rules of his method are: The five principles of jurisprudence, around which the Islamic judiciary revolves. They are: First: Matters are by their intentions. Second: Certainty is not removed by doubt. Third: Ease is preferred over hardship. Fourth: Harm should be removed. Fifth: Abstaining from ruling. He benefited from the works of foundational scholars and jurists, often quoting them to make his book comprehensive, filled with names of Shafi’i jurists. He paid much attention to jurisprudential riddles, organizing various issues and slogans to facilitate memorization of the book’s benefits. It is not acceptable to gather them from general instructions that include countless specific images, such as the rule of ijtihad in innovation. He included various requirements due to the differing images of branches, including “Is it necessary to initiate or not?” His immediate goal was to prepare a comprehensive jurisprudence book, so he included a book about necessity and what every scholar should avoid, covering different issues and chapters in jurisprudence. He aimed to ease the scholar’s understanding of subtle differences in wording and their implications on solutions, such as the difference between touching and contact, between judgment and public order, and between white and postpartum bleeding. Al-Suyuti based his foundational requirements on three principles: – The Noble Qur'an: from which he cited the rule “Preference in closeness is disliked, and in other matters is loved” with the verse: “Those who have settled in the home and faith before them love those who emigrated to them, and find in their hearts no need for what they have been given, and prefer them over themselves, even if they are in poverty. And whoever is saved from the greed of his soul, those are the successful ones.” (Qur'an 59:9) – The Hadith: he also cited the rule “Legal boundaries are based on suspicions” with a Hadith from Abu Huraira where the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “Deny the boundaries when you buy them.” – The sayings of the Companions: for example, the rule “Ijtihad is not invalidated by effort,” where al-Suyuti cited what ibn al-Sabbagh narrated and that Abu Bakr judged in disputed issues where Omar ibn al-Khattab differed, and his judgment was not invalidated. He took many sayings from jurists. Notes on the book Criticisms of the book, which can be mitigated by its advantages, depending on the reader’s purpose: Length: current students of knowledge do not have patience for romantic books. Digression: it takes the reader away from the topic, while it also provides benefits and other advantages for the reader. Obligation in branching from some instructions. Deviation from deep jurisprudence: for example, in the fourth section, when mentioning rulings that are common and accompanied by ignorance of the scholar, he said about them “but they are in general jurisprudential research, and their place is in his books.”