The issue of the occurrence of the world between Ibn Taymiyyah and the philosophers and contemporary atheism 1-2

The issue of the occurrence of the world between Ibn Taymiyah, philosophers, and contemporary atheism 1-2 Ahmad Issam Al-Najjar Anyone familiar with the doctrinal and theological heritage of the Imams of Muslims knows beyond any doubt that the doubts of contemporary atheists are extremely superficial and shallow compared to this vast heritage. Among the topics covered by this heritage is the issue of the occurrence of the world, and whether knowledge of Allah the Almighty depends on it or not. And whether the world must necessarily occur from matter for the proof of Allah the Almighty to be valid. What is the evidence for the occurrence of the world? Before that, they discussed the concept of the term "world," and whether its reference is limited to bodies only or not. And whether the occurrence of the world is only in essence, or in essence and time. Following this, major intellectual battles erupted between the Asharites and philosophers who believe in the eternity of the world in time and its occurrence in essence. Then, Sheikh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah, may Allah have mercy on him, clarified the conflicting doctrines, refuted them, and critiqued the false premises contained within them. He then established the correct doctrine that is necessary for the people of the Sunnah and Hadith, summarized in his valuable treatise "The Issue of the Occurrence of the World," which I explain in detail in this book. I also mentioned the doctrine of the Salaf from the first virtuous centuries regarding the divine existence, and clarified what has been narrated about their proofs for the existence of Allah the Almighty. Additionally, I discussed some Shiite philosophical theories on the matter. Furthermore, in this book, I addressed many of the contemporary atheistic doubts regarding the issue. The truth is that their discussions on the matter are very sparse in quantity but extremely shallow in quality. I examined the doctrines of Russian philosophers, then contemporary figures such as Richard Dawkins, Lawrence Krauss, Michael Martin, Ismail Adham, and pointed out the flaws in their arguments, and how they failed to conceive any proof from the proofs of believers in Allah the Almighty. They are also astonishingly ignorant of divine, philosophical, and logical discussions. In the course of these discussions, I responded to the most prominent doubts raised by modern skeptics against the proof of creation and possibility, as well as doubts related to hypotheses of multiple worlds, the Big Bang, and others.