Responses of the interpreters to the Christians in the oneness of God

This book examines the responses of Muslim interpreters to Christians regarding Tawhid, through studying sixteen interpretations from the main Islamic tafsir books, and comparing that with the responses of scholars of dialectics who specialized in studying Christian beliefs and responding to them. The research was divided into four chapters: the first: the responses of interpreters to Christians on the beliefs of حلول (divinity indwelling) and تجسد (incarnation), the second: the responses of interpreters to Christians on التثليث (Trinity), the third: the responses of interpreters to Christians on the claim of the sonship of Jesus peace be upon him, and the fourth: the responses of interpreters to Christians on the belief in the crucifixion and redemption. One of the most important results of the research is that scholars of dialectics—generally—had a broad and precise knowledge of Christian beliefs regarding Tawhid, while the visions of interpreters and dialectics scholars sometimes align and sometimes differ, and the same applies among interpreters themselves. When comparing the responses of interpreters, their differences in methods of reasoning become apparent, through comparison in: citing the Quran, Sunnah, آثار (traditions), and إسرائيليات (Isra'iliyat), reliance on rational evidence, referencing language and poetry, citing Christian books, and responding with historical and societal context of Christians; the same applies when comparing the responses of interpreters and Muslim dialecticians.