Modernity and ambiguity

From the atmosphere of the book "Modernity and Ambiguity," we read: "Modernity promised to eliminate ambiguity, establish complete clarity, and reach a paradisiacal moment at which ambiguity ends." How did modernity try to fulfill its promise?! Baumann says that the essence of modern practice, and the center of modern politics, the continuation of modern thought, and the source of modern life, is the pursuit of eradication of ambiguity by setting precise definitions, specific classifications, and clear boundaries between order and chaos. Baumann explains that existence is characterized as modern as long as it is divided into order and chaos, and the struggle for order is a war of clarity against ambiguity, a war of transparency against fog. The author defines ambiguity as the possibility of classifying a subject or event into more than one category, which is a flaw in language and a deficiency in the function of naming (the function of separation) required of language. The flaw begins with the intense discomfort we feel when we fail to read the situation correctly and to distinguish between alternative actions. He adds that we see ambiguity as a defect because of the anxiety it provokes and the hesitation it causes, whether we blame language for its lack of accuracy or ourselves for its improper use. But ambiguity is not a product of language deviation or speech; rather, it is a natural aspect of linguistic practice. It arises from one of the fundamental functions of language, which is naming and classification. Ambiguity increases as this function is mastered, and thus ambiguity is the other self of language and its constant companion, even its natural state. Zygmunt Bauman, a Polish sociologist, settled in England after being expelled from Poland, published about fifty-seven books and has more than one hundred articles. Most of his writings dealt with similar topics such as globalization, modernity, and postmodernity.