The correction in interpretation an foundational study

Authored by Dr. Manal bint Abdulillah bin Muhammad Al-Junaibi First Edition 1446 AH Presented by Dr. Fahd bin Mubarak Al-Wohibi In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and all his companions. Afterwards, the correction (or "Istidrak") is an old science in which many scholars have written across various Islamic sciences. Among the most famous of these works in the books of Hadith are: Al-Mustadrak on the Two Sahihs by Al-Hakim (died 405 AH), Al-Mustadrak on the Two Sahihs by Al-Huroyi (died 434 AH), Al-Mustadrak on the Book of Al-Ikmal by Ibn Makula by Ibn Nuqta (died 629 AH), Al-Mustadrak on Al-Hakim’s Mustadrak by Al-Dhahabi (died 744 AH). This also includes books of addenda, such as: A supplement to Al-Mizan al-I'tidal by Al-Iraqi (died 804 AH), Books of notes, such as notes on Ibn al-Salah’s book by Ibn Hajar (died 852 AH), which was widely used by commentators, especially in the marginal notes on Tafsir books, such as the notes on Anwar al-Tanzil by Al-Baydawi — which are very numerous — and notes on Al-Kashaf by Al-Zamakhshari — also numerous — and notes on Tafsir al-Jalalayn. Among the earlier books in the field of correction on the books of meanings is: The book "Al-Ighfal" by Abu Ali Al-Farsi (died 377 AH), which discusses what Zujaj overlooked in meanings. Ibn Atiyyah (died 542 AH) said: "As for Abu Bakr Al-Nuqash, and Abu Jafar Al-Nahhas, people often corrected them," (1). And Ibn Juzayy Al-Kalbi (died 741 AH) said regarding this phenomenon in Tafsir within his discussion of the ranks of the interpreters: "And people have corrected some of them," (1). The science of correction (Istidrak) is fundamentally part of advising for the religion. Many Islamic scholars have read their books to correct what they see as deficiencies or errors. Ibn Qudamah Al-Maqdisi (died 620 AH) said: "And the Salaf liked those who pointed out their faults; and now, most of us dislike the people who point out our faults!" (2). And Ibn Rabiq Al-Hanbali (died 795 AH) said: "The imams of the Salaf, whose knowledge and virtue are agreed upon, accepted the truth from those who presented it to them — even if it was small — and advised their companions and followers to accept the truth if it appeared outside their own sayings" (3). Correction (Istidrak) is one of the aims of authorship mentioned by scholars. Studies in this field have varied, including collecting corrections by one scholar on another, corrections of corrections by groups of scholars, and collections of those who preceded them. Despite the many studies and their benefits, no comprehensive foundational study has been documented that clarifies its history, the methodology of scholars in it, analyzes the forms they used, and highlights the classification of issues they corrected. To achieve these goals, this serious scientific study titled "Correction in Tafsir: An Foundational Study" by Dr. Manal bint Abdulillah Al-Otaibi was conducted. It highlights the importance of correction, its origins, and its sources. It also studies the forms of correction, its principles, controls, manners, causes, and types. One of the original topics in this thesis is the "Manners of Correction," which is a topic that students of knowledge should adhere to when dealing with scholars' statements. The researcher, with gratitude, expanded on its foundations and explained it, providing ample examples. It is worthy, like other topics in this thesis, of reading and reflection. Finally, the foundational studies that aim to establish issues in Quranic studies by returning them to their scientific roots still need further research. Applied studies in Quranic sciences, which aim to subject issues of knowledge to their principles and rules, do not compare in number to the foundational studies that focus on establishing ideas and theoretical knowledge. May Allah bless this scientific effort, grant reward to its author, benefit its readers, and send peace and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and all his companions. All praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds. Professor Fahd bin Mubarak bin Abdullah Al-Wohibi Expert in Quranic Studies at Taibah University