History of the Arab state from the emergence of Islam to the end of the Umayyad state

This is a book by a German orientalist who documents the period of emergence and formation in Islamic history, and sheds light on the Western European intellectual approach to that period, his perspective on it, and the clarity of the German orientalist vision. Julius Vellehosen authored his book with an introductory word and nine chapters; he addressed the state of Islam during the Prophethood era and a large part of the history of the Muslim caliphs in the eras of Abu Bakr and Omar, then he discussed the events of the Fitna and the killing of Uthman and how Ali's caliphate was established, then he covered the issue of the Kharijites and their battles at the Battle of Nahrawan, then the killing of Ali, then the abdication of Hasan bin Ali from the caliphate to Muawiya bin Abi Sufyan. He narrated the history of the Umayyad state in detail across several consecutive chapters, with some detail dedicated to Omar bin Abdul Aziz, then he continued the history of the Umayyad state until it reached a stage of weakness as a state, then its fall and the rise of the Abbasid state, discussing the reasons for the weakness based on European and Arab sources. History of the Arab state from the emergence of Islam to the end of the Umayyad state: Author: Julius Vellehosen Language: Arabic Publication date: 2024 Book format: Paperback Publisher: Dar Al-Masriah Al-Lubnaniah Number of pages: 600