The equation of altruism

Translation: Al-Mujtaba Al-Wa'ilal. As altruism has been a living mystery that puzzled evolutionary biologists for decades, and even a challenge to natural selection itself when Darwin formulated it as a theory for the first time. At first glance, altruism seems to be the opposite of what the selfish gene means, or in other words, considering the modernity of the term "selfish gene," and what the phrase "survival of the fittest" implies; the fittest and most self-interested individual is usually the one who passes on his genes, while the self-sacrificer’s fate is clearly extinction, and thus the disappearance of his genetic material from existence. So why does altruism still exist? That motivation which drives an individual to sacrifice his life for others, whether human or an animal with a simple nervous system like bees. "The Altruism Equation" will not only attempt to answer all these questions but will also convey them to you, the reader, from the perspective of the most prominent scientists who worked on it for more than a century and a half. How their ideologies and life experiences influenced the hypotheses they formulated. Here, human emotions and biases will blend with the rigor of the scientific method, ultimately resulting in a story of remarkable beauty. The story of the Altruism Equation will be among the chapters of its pillars, scientists with diverse intellectual and political backgrounds.