The new spirit of capitalism

The sociologists, Émile Shabilyo and Luc Boltanski, wanted to understand the reason why criticism failed to understand this ongoing development and the minds without the costly re-spreading of capitalism from a human perspective. And why the political structures, unions, and intellectuals failed to carry out the necessary analytical work, but rather reinforced this process sometimes and chose silent support for cultural, economic, and social transformations. And finally, why a number of those who participated in the May 1968 events felt misery in the emerging new society, so they protested in its name and pushed towards this transformation. In this book, the sociologists provide a precise analysis of criticism from its roots, specifically of the new spirit of capitalism, through analyzing management texts that fueled employers' thinking with new organizational patterns for companies, after capitalism abandoned the Fordist organization based on hierarchical work since the mid-1970s, and developed a new form of network organization based on the initiative of actors and relative independence of work, completed at the expense of their material and psychological front. What drives this book and brings it back to the forefront is a simultaneous revival of the two integrated agents of capitalism.