The root of the disparity among people

In this book, Rousseau explains the rules of political democracy based on socialism. The book is considered fundamental in global social philosophy and is classified as a renewed source of philosophical thought and human sciences. In this book, Rousseau stated that he does not assume the existence of the natural state as a fact, but rather prefers a state of barbarism that is intermediate between the natural state and the social state, where people maintain simplicity and the benefits of nature. It appears from Rousseau's comments throughout the book that he does not want to revert the corrupt present society to the state of nature, but considers society inevitable despite its corruption. He explains this corruption by the disparity among individuals in dealings and rights, praising the pure natural human, and advocating for that intermediate state where equality prevails. Rousseau, through contemplating humans, depicts the original essential nature of man, condemning the restriction of his freedom and the constriction of his capacities, and justifies social corruption by the disparity of social classes and the lack of justice in dealings based on rights and duties. Rousseau placed in this book a philosophical text that transcends time and place, enabling it to influence for over 300 years until now.