Philosophy of the science of economics

This book was written by its author for the specialized reader in economics, and for the non-specialized as well. He hopes it will be of benefit to both types of readers. It is suitable as an introduction to the science of economics for those who have not studied this science before, as well as an introduction to a critique of the science of economics that clarifies important weaknesses in this science. The author’s intended weaknesses are what the science of economics, with its various topics, is based on, of biases and whims reflecting class or national interests, or a specific cultural or intellectual climate that does not necessarily obligate those with other cultures besides the one in which the science of economics was born and grew up. The book explains the non-scientific foundations on which various topics of economics are based: production, consumption, prices, populations, ownership, and income distribution in both capitalist and socialist thought, as well as the theory of national output and employment, economic development, international trade, and analysis of costs and benefits. It delves into the philosophy behind a particular discussion, which is not in reality neutral, objective, or detached from purpose, as many students of economics believe, but rather positions shaped by a certain view of economic and social relations, or a particular philosophy of life. There is nothing forcing those with a different perspective or another philosophy to adopt it.