The holistic system

Hannah Arendt began her work as a hennah artist since she settled in the United States of America in the early 1950s to continue her research in political philosophy. Among her lessons was that she wrote an integrated trilogy, in which she analyzed the dimensions of contemporary political life philosophically, thus being a pioneer in several fields that had not been previously addressed. This trilogy dealt, sequentially, first, with "Imperialism" in its old, modern, and even contemporary forms up to the boundaries of World War II, then she dedicated the second to discussing "Anti-Semitism." This was a topic many had addressed before her from a purely historical perspective, such as Pierre-Vidal Naquet and Leon Poliakov, who saw in his two-part work "The History of Anti-Semitism" that this feeling, especially against Jews, is ingrained in humanity. However, Hannah Arendt approached the topic from a philosophical and religious perspective, tracing its roots to understand how Nazism reached its "final" solution to eliminate the Jews, neglecting the role of Zionism in fueling the sentiments in service of its project. Perhaps this is because Hannah Arendt, when she studied this phenomenon in the 1950s, considered Zionism at that time in international circles and American political and academic circles as a liberation movement resulting from the Holocaust, i.e., an epistemology of "sacrifice." The third part of this trilogy dealt with "Totalitarianism," which is the subject of this translation. Hannah Arendt attempted in this work to follow the classical political science approach, starting from Aristotle, passing through Tocqueville, Machiavelli, Montesquieu, and others, aiming to define the essence of this system, which she considered unprecedented and unknown, namely "Totalitarianism."