The political and administrative history of Muslims in India

Islam appeared in the land of India since the first century of its emergence, and its presence was reinforced with the establishment of Islamic rule in the region, and continued through many Muslim peoples from Arabs, Turks, Afghans, and Mongols over 8 centuries, and extended at the height of its authority over the entire Indian subcontinent. The Muslims established a magnificent civilization, in which sciences, arts, and literature flourished, and Islam, its beliefs, and culture spread. Despite the fall of Islamic rule in India since the 19th century, Muslims left a human and civilizational heritage, leaving a tangible impact on religion, language, architecture, arts, sciences, and literature.