Between the past and the future

These articles are exercises in political thought as it emerges in the reality of political events (although these events are only mentioned in passing), and the author assumes in these articles that thinking itself arises from the facts of life experience and remains connected to it as the only landmarks through which one can perceive their stance and direction. And since these exercises revolve around the past and the future, they combine criticism and experience, but the experiences do not attempt to design a utopian future, nor does criticism of the past and traditional opinions aim to overthrow them. Additionally, the aspects of criticism and experience in the following articles are not clearly separated from each other, although some chapters tend more toward criticism than toward experience, and other chapters are closer to experience than criticism. This gradual shift from interest in experience to interest in criticism did not happen randomly, as the element of experience is present in the interpretation and criticism of the past, an interpretation that primarily aims to discover the true sources of traditional opinions, with the intention of restoring their true spirit after it has evaporated, and, alas, disappeared from the key words in the language of politics — such as freedom, justice, authority, reason, responsibility, virtue, power, and glory — leaving only empty shells to express almost everything, without regard for the dangerous truth hidden behind them.