Introduction to the philosophy of mind

What is the mind? Is it something different from the body? And if so, what is this thing we call the mind? What is the problem with the mind being the brain? How does the mind represent things? How does a person know their internal states like pain? What is consciousness? Can it be reduced to events in the brain? These questions have occupied philosophers throughout the ages because they are closely related to other philosophical branches, such as epistemology and ethics. But since Descartes (that is, with the beginning of modern philosophy), awareness of these questions increased and became more urgent due to the emergence of a scientific environment that quickly tried to encompass everything, in its frantic pursuit to produce a "theory of everything." And it is clear that everything truly includes everything! Even humans.