The psychological factors affecting the critic's judgment of the narrator

Since psychological factors and sudden emotional reactions have an effect on critics due to their human nature, and among these factors are personal ones related to the critic himself and his emotions, such as peer influence, anger, favoritism, bias, and exaggeration, and others are caused by the critic's psychological restraint, which results from differences in understanding and varying perspectives on a number of scientific issues where disagreements occurred, and the subsequent impact on the critic's psyche that may influence his judgment of some narrators. The critics have made commendable efforts to push back against psychological factors that affect their judgments of narrators, including emphasizing the importance of piety and the necessity of requiring it in the critic who is responsible for judging narrators, in addition to the critic's experience, accuracy, and his knowledge of the reasons for differing schools of thought and their impact on judgments of narrators. The study proved the discipline and unity of the methodologies of the hadith scholars, and that their judgments generally were not affected by differences in temperaments and environments. It also addressed the scholars' approaches to narrating from those accused of an unpunished innovation, and proved that what is relied upon in application by the hadith scholars is their consideration of the truthfulness of the narrator's speech when judging him. It concluded with the principles outlined by the imams and critics in their dealings with psychological factors, and the importance of these principles in regulating the mindset of those who handle this scientific heritage.