Atlas of the history of the Abbasid state

This atlas came in six main chapters: the first chapter dealt with the establishment of the state, the second chapter dealt with the First Abbasid era, the third chapter dealt with the era of Turkish influence, the fourth chapter dealt with the era of Buyid influence, the fifth chapter dealt with the era of Seljuk Turkish influence, during which the Crusades came to the Islamic East, and the fall of the Abbasid state at the hands of the Mongols in the year 656 AH. The sixth chapter came to address the most prominent civilizational features of the Abbasid era. Then we attached these chapters with appendices to verify sources and references, and a index of titles and chapters related to this atlas.