Kleeja and Daman

The Book of Kalila and Dimna by Ibn al-Muqaffa. The book consists of fifteen main chapters that include many stories whose heroes are animals, and among the most prominent animal characters in the book are the lion, who plays the role of the king, and his servant the bull called "Shatrabeh" (or "Shanzabeh" in some copies), in addition to two jackals named "Kalila" and "Dimna." It also includes four other chapters that appeared at the beginning of the book, which are: the introduction chapter, the chapter about Buzurjmihr's mission to India, the chapter presenting the book (translated by Abdullah ibn al-Muqaffa), and the chapter about Buzurjmihr (translated by Buzurjamir ibn al-Bukhtakān). The Arabic version of the book played a major role in its dissemination and translation into other languages of the world, either directly from the Arabic text or through intermediate languages derived from the Arabic text. Old Arab critics classify the Book of Kalila and Dimna in the first tier of Arab books and consider it one of the four excellent books alongside Al-Kamil by Al-Mubarrad, Al-Bayan wa Al-Tabyeen by Al-Jahiz, and Al-‘Umdat by Ibn Rashiq.